How this estimate works
The base figure assumes the password was drawn uniformly from the character pool its characters imply — lowercase present means a pool of 26, uppercase adds 26, digits 10, symbols 32. Real human passwords are not drawn uniformly, which is what the penalties are for:
- Common words and passwords (−25 bits): matched against a built-in list of the passwords and words that appear in every breach corpus, including leetspeak spellings like p@ssw0rd.
- Sequences (−4 bits per character beyond two): keyboard walks (qwerty, 1qaz-style runs along the rows), alphabet runs and digit runs, forwards or backwards.
- Repeats (−3 bits per extra repeated character): aaa and friends add length on paper and very little work for a cracker.
- Years (−6 bits): any 19xx or 20xx run; birth years and anniversaries are in every rule set.
The crack-time line uses the same stated model as the generator: an average of half the remaining space at 10 billion guesses per second against a fast, unsalted hash. Against a slow salted hash (bcrypt, Argon2) times stretch by orders of magnitude; against a password that has already leaked, no estimate matters — it is found by lookup, not by guessing.
FAQ
Is it safe to type a real password here?
The check runs entirely in your browser's JavaScript; the page makes no network request with your input, stores nothing, and loads no third-party scripts. You can verify that in your browser's network tab, or disconnect and reload — it still works. If you would rather not type a live password anywhere, change a couple of characters first; the estimate will be nearly identical.
Why did my long password score low?
Almost always one of the itemized penalties: a common word inside it, a keyboard walk, repeats, or a year. The notes under the result name the specific deductions.
Why did a short random password score well per character?
Random characters carry full entropy — about 6.55 bits each from the full printable set — but length still caps the total. Twelve random characters (≈78 bits) beat twenty predictable ones, and the estimate reflects that.
Does a high score mean I can reuse this password?
No. The score knows nothing about reuse or breaches. One password, one account.